喉上神经Superiorlaryngea

Thesuperiorlaryngealnerveisabranchofthevagusnerve.Itarisesfromthemiddleoftheganglionnodosumandinitscoursereceivesabranchfromthesuperiorcervicalganglionofthesympathetic.Itdescends,bythesideofthepharynx,behindtheinternalcarotidartery,anddividesintotwobranches:

喉上神经是迷走神经在节状神经节中间下缘发出的分支，走形中与颈上神经节分支汇合，沿咽部下行，位于颈内动脉后面，在舌骨大角平面上2cm处分成内外两支。内支主要司感觉，外支主要司运动。

externallaryngealnerve：外侧支

Theexternallaryngealnerveisthesmaller,externalbranch(ramusexternus)ofthesuperiorlaryngealnerve.Itdescendsonthelarynx,beneaththesternothyroidmuscle,tosupplythecricothyroidmuscle.Itfunctionstotensethevocalcordsbyactivatingthecricothyroidmuscle,increasingpitch.Theexternalbranchissusceptibletodamageduringthyroidectomyorcricothyrotomy,asitliesimmediatelydeeptothesuperiorthyroidartery.Nottobeconfusedwithdamagetotherecurrentlaryngealnerve.

外侧支较小，沿喉下降，位于胸骨甲状肌后面，支配环甲软骨肌，功能是活动环甲软骨肌以紧张声带，增加振动。临床意义：外支损伤后环甲肌麻痹，引起声带松驰，声调降低。

internallaryngealnerve：内侧支

Itdescendstothethyrohyoidmembrane,piercesitin







































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